Hospitalizations and adverse drug events in the Brazilian unified health system: a ten-year retrospective analysis of routine data

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To describe the frequency and characteristics of hospitalizations for/with adverse drug events in the Brazilian unified health system routine data. METHODS Nationwide retrospective study using data obtained from a period of ten years from the Brazil Hospital Information System (SIH-SUS), an administrative database that registers hospitalizations in the unified health system. We selected hospitalizations with primary and/or secondary diagnosis related to adverse drug events according to a list of validated International Classification Disease 10th edition (ICD-10) codes. These events were described according to year, age group, sex, length of hospital stay, mortality, hospital costs, Brazilian geographical region, and category of ICD-10 codes. Crude hospitalization rates of adverse drug events per 100,000 inhabitants were obtained and Joinpoint Regression was used to analyze temporal changes in these rates along the years. The most frequent ICD-10 codes were also identified. RESULTS Over ten years, 603,663 hospitalizations in Brazil were found in the database, out of which 2.5% of the patients died. Though 2009 had the highest prevalence of hospitalization per 100,000 inhabitants (32.57), no significant annual change in rates was found for the entire period. All age groups and sexes presented a jointpoint in temporal series; however, only women had a significative increase trend. The most frequent codes were from the chapter of mental and behavioral disorders (F19.2, F19.0, and F19.5 codes). CONCLUSIONS The database methodology can be useful to estimate frequencies of adverse drug events and perform characterization nationwide and to help monitor morbidity along the years.

Molecular epidemiology and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from a regional hospital in the Brazilian Amazon region

Abstract INTRODUCTION: In this study, we report a clonal dissemination of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates due to the acquisition of blaOXA-23 in a regional hospital located in Brazilian Amazon Region. METHODS: The isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF and the carbapenemase-encoding genes were detected by multiplex-PCR. The genetic similarity was investigated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). RESULTS: Only 10 (55.6%) isolates harbored the gene bla OXA-23. PFGE analysis revealed that these isolates belong to a single clone. CONCLUSIONS: This dissemination strategy indicates the need for surveillance, adoption of control procedures defined in guidelines, and the careful administration of antimicrobials should be reinforced.

Hiperparatireoidismo secundário à doença renal crônica em pacientesem diálise no Pará - Brasil / Secondary hyperparathyroidism to chronic renal disease in dialysis patients in Para – Brazil

Objetivo: estabelecer a frequência do hiperparatireoidismo secundário entre pacientes em terapia renal substitutiva em serviço de nefrologia do sudeste do Pará (Brasil).Métodos: estudo do tipo transversal retrospectivo e descritivo realizado com levantamento de dados em sistema eletrônico de prontuários referentes ao primeiro semestre de 2014.Resultados: foram analisados dados de 108 pacientes, com média de idade de 47,8 ± 12,0 anos (20-65), sendo 64 (59,3%) do sexo masculino. A frequência de hiperparatireoidismo secundário foi de 57,4%, correspondendo a um total de 62 pacientes com paratormônio acima de 300 pg/ml. Um nível de paratormônio superior a 1000 pg/ml foi encontrado em 12,0% (n=13) da amostra. Conclusão: a ocorrência de hiperparatireoidismo secundário encontrada foi similar a outros estudos retrospectivos já publicados. Este levantamento de dados pode colaborar para melhorar o planejamento da assistência a pacientes em diálise.

Objective: to establish the frequency of secondary hyperparathyroidism on renal replacement therapy patients on the nephrology service of southeast Para (Brazil). Methods: retrospective cross-sectional survey based on available electronic medical records data referring to the first semester of 2014.Results: data from 108 patients with an average age of 47.8 ± 12.0 years (20-65) were analyzed, 64 patients (59.3%) were male. The frequency of secondary hyperparathyroidism was 57.4%, corresponding to a total of 62 patients with parathyroid hormone above 300 pg/ml. Parathyroid hormone levels greaterthan 1000 pg/ml were found in 12.0% (n=13) of the sample. Conclusion: the occurrence of secondary hyperparathyroidism was similar to other retrospective studies published. This data collection can contribute to improve the assistance program for dialysis patients.

Fatal disseminated strongyloidiasis after kidney transplantation / Estrongiloidíase disseminada fatal após transplante renal

Disseminated strongyloidiasis (DS) is a rare and severe parasitic disease that is difficult to recognize and affects immunocompromised individuals. We report the case of a kidney transplant recipient who presented with DS despite prophylaxis with albendazole. We have discussed the need for better prophylactic strategies and for a higher degree of suspicion in order to diagnose DS.

A estrongiloidíase disseminada (ED) é uma doença parasitária rara de difícil diagnóstico que acomete indivíduos imunocomprometidos. Relatamos um caso de um paciente transplantado renal que desenvolveu ED apesar do uso de profilaxia com albendazol. São discutidas estratégias profiláticas e de diagnóstico da estrongiloidíase disseminada.

Insuficiência renal aguda por picada de abelhas: relato de casos / Acute renal failure following bee stings: case reports

Rabdomiólise é uma síndrome caracterizada por injúria muscular, mais freqüentemente decorrente de esmagamento e traumas musculares. No entanto, a rabdomiólise pode ter também causas não traumáticas, como por exemplo, picadas de abelhas africanizadas. Descrevemos dois casos de rabdomiólise que apresentaram insuficiência renal aguda dialítica após várias picadas de abelhas.

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome characterized by muscle injury, most frequently due to muscle crushing and trauma. However, it may also be induced by non-traumatic causes, for example by means of stinging by Africanized bees. We describe two cases of rhabdomyolysis that presented dialytic acute renal failure after several bee stings.